Uruguay
1965
Instrument: Parliament (Senate & House)
Often cited as an early legislative milestone.
Civic reference
Recognition and laws
Recognition (laws, resolutions, executive words) is not the same thing as criminalizing denial. This page keeps that distinction clear. Educational summary only—not legal advice. Spanish: Reconocimiento y leyes.
Key legal distinction
A state can recognize a genocide without operating a standing criminal “denial law.” France is the clearest illustration: Law 2001-70 recognizes the Armenian Genocide, yet Constitutional Council decisions in 2012 and 2017 struck down penal approaches to denial. See Légifrance.
Recognition tracker (curated)
One headline row per jurisdiction—verify instruments and dates in official gazettes. For Spain, see Spain and recognition.
Cyprus
1982
Instrument: House of Representatives resolution
Verify official gazette wording.
France
2001
Instrument: Statute (Law 2001-70)
Public recognition in law; penal denial rules were later struck down (2012, 2017).
Germany
2016
Instrument: Bundestag resolution
Parliamentary formulation; compare executive statements over time.
Canada
1996–2004
Instrument: House of Commons / Senate resolutions
Cross-check with federal executive positions.
Russia
1995
Instrument: State Duma resolution
Wording and later diplomacy vary; verify text.
United States
1975–2021+
Instrument: Congress / presidential statements
Terminology shifts by administration and chamber.
Portugal
2019
Instrument: Assembly of the Republic resolution
Parliamentary text; confirm official publication.
European Parliament
1987; 2015
Instrument: Institutional resolutions
Symbolic EU-level framework; does not replace national law.
Spain
—
Instrument: Regional / municipal (partial)
No single nationwide statute summarized here; see Spain and recognition.
Extended list (Ministry of Foreign Affairs reference)
Below is the full catalogue-style listing from Armenia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs: parliamentary resolutions and laws, international organizations, then provincial and municipal bodies. Entries are a finding aid—always verify dates and official texts. Source: mfa.am/recognition.
Parliamentary Resolutions, Laws and Declarations
- Resolution of the Senate of Mexico on recognition of the Armenian Genocide – February 8, 2023
- Declaration by the Parliament of the Republic of Latvia on the Recognition and Condemnation of the Armenian Genocide - May 6, 2021.
- Resolution by the People's Council of the Syrian Arab Republic on recognition and condemnation of the Armenian Genocide perpetrated by the Ottoman Empire - February 13, 2020
- Unanimous resolution of the U.S. Senate recognizing and condemning Armenian Genocide - December 12, 2019
- Resolution of the U.S. House of Representatives approving U.S. position on Armenian Genocide - October 30, 2019
- Position of the Assembly of the Republic (the Parliament of Portugal) on its position on the Armenian Genocide - April 26, 2019
- Initiative of the chamber of deputies of Italy encouraging the government of Italy to recognize Armenian Genocide - April 10, 2019
- Decree of the President of France Emmanuel Macron recognizing April 24 as a National Memorial Day of Armenian Genocide - April 10, 2019
- Resolution of the Chamber of Deputies of the parliament of Czech Republic condemning and recognizing Armenian Genocide and other crimes against humanity - April 26, 2017
- The Senate of France confirmation of the bill criminalizing the negation of Armenian Genocide - October 14, 2016
- Resolution of the Knesset Committee on education, culture and sport of the State of Israel - August 1, 2016
- Resolution of the Bundestag of the Federal Republic of Germany - June 2, 2016
- Resolution of the Senate of the Republic of Paraguay - October 29, 2015
- Resolution of the House of Representatives of the Kingdom of Belgium - July 24, 2015
- Resolution of the Federal Senate of the Federal Republic of Brazil - May 29, 2015
- Resolution of the Parliament of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg - May 6, 2015
- Statement of State Duma of Russian Federation on the Armenian Genocide Centennial - April 24, 2015
- Statement by the President Federal Republic of Germany Joachim Gauck - April 23, 2015
- Statement of the Austrian Parliament on the Centennial of the Armenian Genocide perpetrated in the Ottoman Empire - 22 April, 2015
- European Parliament Resolution dedicated to the Centenary of the Armenian Genocide - 15 April, 2015
- Czech Republic, Resolution of the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the Chamber of Deputies of Parliament on the occasion of the Armenian Genocide Centenary - April 14 2015
- Resolution of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile - April 14, 2015
- Statement by Holy Father Francis during the Mass at the Vatican - April 12, 2015
- Bolivia's Senate and the Chamber of Deputies Resolution - November 27, 2014
- Sweden Riksdag Resolution - March 11, 2010
- MERCOSUR, Joint Parliamentary Committee Resolution - Nov 19, 2007
- U.S. House Committee Resolution - October 10, 2007
- Chile, Senate Resolution - July 07, 2007
- Argentina, Law - January 15, 2007
- Argentina, Senate Special Statement - April 19, 2006
- Lithuania, Assembly Resolution - December 15, 2005
- European Parliament Resolution - September 28, 2005
- Venezuela, National Assembly Resolution - July 14, 2005
- Germany, Parliament Resolution - June 15, 2005
- Argentina, Senate Resolution - April 20, 2005
- Poland, Parliament Resolution - April 19, 2005
- Netherlands, Parliament Resolution - December 21, 2004
- Slovakia, National Assembly Resolution - November 30, 2004
- Canada, House of Commons Resolution - April 21, 2004
- Argentina, Senate Declaration - March 31, 2004
- Uruguay, Law - March 26, 2004
- Argentina, Draft Law - March 18, 2004
- Switzerland (Helvetic Confederation), National Council Resolution - December 16, 2003
- Argentina, Senate Resolution - August 20, 2003
- Canada, Senate Resolution - June 13, 2002
- European Parliament Resolution - February 28, 2002
- Common Declaration of His Holiness John Paul II and His Holiness Karekin II at Holy Etchmiadzin, Republic of Armenia - September 27, 2001
- Prayer of John Paul II, Memorial of Tsitsernakaberd - September 26, 2001
- France, Law - January 29, 2001
- Italy, Chamber of Deputies Resolution - November 16, 2000
- European Parliament Resolution - November 15, 2000
- France, Senate, Draft Law - November 7, 2000
- Lebanon, Parliament Resolution - May 11, 2000
- Sweden, Parliament Report - March 29, 2000
- France, National Assembly Draft Law - May 28, 1998
- Belgium, Senate Resolution - March 26, 1998
- Lebanon, Chamber of Deputies Resolution - April 3, 1997
- U.S. House of Representatives Resolution 3540 - June 11, 1996
- Greece (Hellenic Republic), Parliament Resolution - April 25, 1996
- Canada, House of Commons Resolution - April 23, 1996
- Russia, Duma Resolution - April 14, 1995
- Argentina, Senate Resolution - May 5, 1993
- European Parliament Resolution - June 18, 1987
- U.S. House of Representatives Joint Resolution 247 - September 12, 1984
- Cyprus, House of Representatives, Resolution - April 29, 1982
- U.S. House of Representatives Joint Resolution 148 - April 9, 1975
- Uruguay, Senate and House of Representatives, Resolution - April 20, 1965
- U.S. Senate Resolution 359 - May 11, 1920
- U.S. Congress Act to Incorporate Near East Relief - August 6, 1919
- U.S. Senate Concurrent Resolution 12 - February 9, 1916
- France, Great Britain, and Russia, Joint Declaration - May 24, 1915
International Organizations
- Statement of the International Commission on Human Rights and Religious Freedoms regarding the recognition of the Armenian Genocide - February 1, 2022.
- Resolution of the European Parliament encouraging the acceptance of the Armenian Genocide by Turkey - June 7, 2022
- Parliament of Andean Community of Nations (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú) September 20, 2016.
- International Organization of La Francophonie, Statement of Secretary-General - April 24 2015
- The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity - April 9, 2007
- Human Rights Association of Turkey, Istanbul Branch - April 24, 2006
- International Center for Transitional Justice Report Prepared for TARC - February 10, 2003
- European Alliance of YMCAs - July 20, 2002
- Council of Europe, Parliamentary Assembly Declaration - April 24, 2001
- Human Rights League - May 16, 1998
- Council of Europe, Parliamentary Assembly Declaration - April 24, 1998
- The Association of Genocide Scholars - June 13, 1997
- Kurdistan Parliament in Exile - April 24, 1996
- Union of American Hebrew Congregations - November 7, 1989
- UN Subcommission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities - July 2, 1985
- Permanent Peoples' Tribunal, Verdict of the Tribunal - April 16, 1984
- World Council of Churches - August 10, 1983
- UN General Assembly Resolution - December 9, 1948
- UN War Crimes Commission Report - May 28, 1948
Provincial legislative bodies, governments, city councils
USA
- Alabama
- Alaska
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
Australia
- Province of New South Wales
Argentina
- Province of Buenos Aires
- Province of Cordoba
Canada
- Alberta
- British Columbia
- Ontario (including the City of Toronto)
- Quebec (including the City of Montreal)
Switzerland
- Geneva Canton
- Vaud Canton
Great Britain
- Wales
Italy
- Friuli-Venezia Giulia Regional Assembly
- Municipality of Asiago
- Municipality of Bagnacavallo
- Municipality of Belluno
- Municipality of Bertiolo
- Municipality of Camponogara
- Municipality of Casalecchio di Reno
- Municipality of Castellammare di Stabia
- Municipality of Castelsilano
- Municipality of Cava de' Tirreni
- Municipality of Conselice
- Municipality of Cotignola
- Municipality of Faenza
- Municipality of Feltre
- Municipality of Firenze
- Municipality of Fusignano
- Municipality of Genova
- Municipality of Imola
- Municipality of Lugo
- Municipality of Massa Lombarda
- Municipality of Milano
- Municipality of Monteforte D'Alpone
- Municipality of Montorso Vicentino
- Municipality of Padova
- Municipality of Parma
- Municipality of Ponte di Piave
- Municipality of Ravenna
- Municipality of Reggio di Calabria
- Municipality of Roma
- Municipality of Russi
- Municipality of S. Agata Sul Santerno
- Municipality of S. Edigio del Monte Albino
- Municipality of S. Stino Livenza
- Municipality of Salgareda
- Municipality of Sanguinetto
- Municipality of Sesto San Giovanni
- Municipality of Solarolo
- Municipality of Thiene
- Municipality of Tolfa
- Municipality of Udine
- Municipality of Venice
- Municipality of Villafranca Padovana
- Regional Council of Lazio
- Regional Council of Tuscany
- Sicilian Regional Assembly
Spain
- Alcorcon
- Aldaia
- Alicante
- Balearic Islands
- Barcelona
- Basque Country
- Benalmadena
- Betera
- Burgos
- Burjassot
- Catalonia
- Cullera
- Malaga
- Merida
- Mislata
- Navarre
- Ontinyent
- Paiporte
- Pinto
- Sabadell
- San Sebastián
- Santa Margarida i els Monjos
- Soria
- Torrent
- Valencia
- Villena
- Xirivella
Belgium
- Flemish Parliament Resolution
Austria
- Vienna
Ukraine
- Svatove city, Luhansk region
Mexico
- Michoacán
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia — official recognition catalogue (verify updates on the MFA site). mfa.am/recognition.
Recognition vs. criminalization
- Recognition may be a statute, parliamentary resolution, executive statement, or commemorative decree.
- Criminalization of denial is a separate question: proportionality, free expression, and constitutional review.
- A chamber can adopt symbolic wording without creating any offence in the criminal code.
- NGO or municipal statements are not interchangeable with national statutes—check the author and text.
European institutions
The European Parliament adopted a 2015 centenary resolution condemning denial efforts and encouraging wider acknowledgement—symbolically significant for EU debate but not a substitute for member-state law. Authoritative text: EUR-Lex (2015). Earlier EP texts (e.g. 1987) belong to the same institutional track; always read the dated version.
How to read recognition lists carefully
- Statute, resolution, executive statement, or court judgment?
- National, regional, or municipal author?
- Official source, date, and reference number?
- Still in force or historically superseded?
- Symbolic / declaratory, or creating criminal penalties?
FAQ · Resources · Armenia and Spain.
Recognizing a genocide in law or resolution does not automatically create a criminal offence of denial; each legal system balances memory, free speech, and proportionate punishment differently.